Collection of words for searching:
Seborrhoeic dermatitis
biotin, pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and riboflavin (vitamin B2)
yeast, Malassezia furfur
Wednesday, December 2, 2009
Thursday, November 26, 2009
salinity tolerance in cereals
Rajendran, K., Tester, M. & Roy, S.J. (2009) Quantifying the three main components of salinity tolerance in cereals. Plant, Cell & Environment 32, 237-249
from Naked Scientist:
http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/content/interviews/interview/1239/
Chris - So how did you do that rather clever trick of making that gene only get turned on in those cells around these xylem vessels because that’s the breakthrough step, isn’t it really?
Mark - Yes, it is. There’s different ways you can do this. One is to try to discover little bits of DNA which will activate genes in specific parts of the plant. So that’s one way you can do it a very direct way. In the meantime, we’re using a model plant. It’s called Arabidopsis. It’s a silly little weed, but you can do lots of really nice molecular genetics with it. And what we did was throw into the genome of this little plant, this little weed, a little bit of DNA which allows us to turn on genes. But we threw it on in random in the genome, made thousands of these plants and then looked at the plants to find ones which had the right pattern of expression. So the initial generation of the plants was random and then we looked to find plants which had by fluke, this bit of DNA landing in a part of the genome that would activate that gene only in the inner half of the root.
Chris - Big question though, Mark must be a course, it’s one thing to do this in thale cress, the plant sciences fruit fly. But we don’t eat that. So what about things that we do eat? Could you put this same genetic combination into rice, into barley, wheat, and so on? The kinds of things we do rely on for food staples.
Mark - Absolutely, Chris. We have done this in rice and the results are looking very promising. We look like we’ve worked out how to reduce the sodium concentration. Well we have reduced the sodium concentration in the shoots of rice and we’re in the process of testing the effect of that on yield. The first experiments did improve yield, but we just want to again be fairly conservative rather than just shooting off the results rapidly. But it’s looking very promising. To turn the genes on in wheat and barley, maze, it’s actually quite difficult because these molecular genetic tricks that we’re able to use on Arabidopsis, we just simply can’t do it. We’re technically not able to do it in wheat and barley. So what we’re doing now is we’re having a program to discover the promoters that would help us turn this on, so going back to a very direct but slower way of manipulating an expression in wheat and barley. We actually have transgenic plants in the glasshouse at the moment for wheat and barley and we’re limited by bulking up the seed, and we’re just at that stage at the moment. So keep your fingers crossed for us and hopefully in the year’s time, we’ll be able to say if we’ve done it in the other crops as well.
from Naked Scientist:
http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/content/interviews/interview/1239/
Chris - So how did you do that rather clever trick of making that gene only get turned on in those cells around these xylem vessels because that’s the breakthrough step, isn’t it really?
Mark - Yes, it is. There’s different ways you can do this. One is to try to discover little bits of DNA which will activate genes in specific parts of the plant. So that’s one way you can do it a very direct way. In the meantime, we’re using a model plant. It’s called Arabidopsis. It’s a silly little weed, but you can do lots of really nice molecular genetics with it. And what we did was throw into the genome of this little plant, this little weed, a little bit of DNA which allows us to turn on genes. But we threw it on in random in the genome, made thousands of these plants and then looked at the plants to find ones which had the right pattern of expression. So the initial generation of the plants was random and then we looked to find plants which had by fluke, this bit of DNA landing in a part of the genome that would activate that gene only in the inner half of the root.
Chris - Big question though, Mark must be a course, it’s one thing to do this in thale cress, the plant sciences fruit fly. But we don’t eat that. So what about things that we do eat? Could you put this same genetic combination into rice, into barley, wheat, and so on? The kinds of things we do rely on for food staples.
Mark - Absolutely, Chris. We have done this in rice and the results are looking very promising. We look like we’ve worked out how to reduce the sodium concentration. Well we have reduced the sodium concentration in the shoots of rice and we’re in the process of testing the effect of that on yield. The first experiments did improve yield, but we just want to again be fairly conservative rather than just shooting off the results rapidly. But it’s looking very promising. To turn the genes on in wheat and barley, maze, it’s actually quite difficult because these molecular genetic tricks that we’re able to use on Arabidopsis, we just simply can’t do it. We’re technically not able to do it in wheat and barley. So what we’re doing now is we’re having a program to discover the promoters that would help us turn this on, so going back to a very direct but slower way of manipulating an expression in wheat and barley. We actually have transgenic plants in the glasshouse at the moment for wheat and barley and we’re limited by bulking up the seed, and we’re just at that stage at the moment. So keep your fingers crossed for us and hopefully in the year’s time, we’ll be able to say if we’ve done it in the other crops as well.
salinity tolerance in cereals
Rajendran, K., Tester, M. & Roy, S.J. (2009) Quantifying the three main components of salinity tolerance in cereals. Plant, Cell & Environment 32, 237-249
Wednesday, October 14, 2009
Fusarium ओक्स्य्स्पोरुम genome
Genome information:
Name GenBank
Master WGS AAXH00000000
Chromosome 1 CM000589
Chromosome 2 CM000590
Chromosome 3 CM000591
Chromosome 4 CM000592
Chromosome 5 CM000593
Chromosome 6 CM000594
Chromosome 7 CM000595
Chromosome 8 CM000596
Chromosome 9 CM000597
Chromosome 10 CM000598
Chromosome 11 CM000599
Chromosome 12 CM000600
Chromosome 13 CM000601
Chromosome 14 CM000602
Chromosome 15 CM000603
Name GenBank
Master WGS AAXH00000000
Chromosome 1 CM000589
Chromosome 2 CM000590
Chromosome 3 CM000591
Chromosome 4 CM000592
Chromosome 5 CM000593
Chromosome 6 CM000594
Chromosome 7 CM000595
Chromosome 8 CM000596
Chromosome 9 CM000597
Chromosome 10 CM000598
Chromosome 11 CM000599
Chromosome 12 CM000600
Chromosome 13 CM000601
Chromosome 14 CM000602
Chromosome 15 CM000603
Whole genome sequence fungi list
Aspergillus clavatus
Aspergillus fumigatus
Aspergillus niger
Candida glabrata
Cryptococcus neoformans
Debaryomyces hansenii
Encephalitozoon cuniculi
Eremothecium gossypii
Gibberella zeae
Kluyveromyces lactis
Magnaporthe grisea
Neurospora crassa
Pichia stipitis
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Ustilago maydis
Yarrowia lipolytica
Aspergillus fumigatus
Aspergillus niger
Candida glabrata
Cryptococcus neoformans
Debaryomyces hansenii
Encephalitozoon cuniculi
Eremothecium gossypii
Gibberella zeae
Kluyveromyces lactis
Magnaporthe grisea
Neurospora crassa
Pichia stipitis
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Ustilago maydis
Yarrowia lipolytica
Tuesday, October 6, 2009
A MicroRNA Imparts Robustness against Environmental Fluctuation during Development
Article
A MicroRNA Imparts Robustness against Environmental Fluctuation during Development
Xin Li1, 2, 3, Justin J. Cassidy1, 2, Catherine A. Reinke1, Stephen Fischboeck1 and Richard W. Carthew1, ,
1Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, 2205 Tech Drive, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
Received 16 May 2008; revised 25 November 2008; accepted 29 January 2009. Published: April 16, 2009. Available online 16 April 2009.
Summary
The microRNA miR-7 is perfectly conserved from annelids to humans, and yet some of the genes that it regulates in Drosophila are not regulated in mammals. We have explored the role of lineage restricted targets, using Drosophila, in order to better understand the evolutionary significance of microRNA-target relationships. From studies of two well characterized developmental regulatory networks, we find that miR-7 functions in several interlocking feedback and feedforward loops, and propose that its role in these networks is to buffer them against perturbation. To directly demonstrate this function for miR-7, we subjected the networks to temperature fluctuation and found that miR-7 is essential for the maintenance of regulatory stability under conditions of environmental flux. We suggest that some conserved microRNAs like miR-7 may enter into novel genetic relationships to buffer developmental programs against variation and impart robustness to diverse regulatory networks.
A MicroRNA Imparts Robustness against Environmental Fluctuation during Development
Xin Li1, 2, 3, Justin J. Cassidy1, 2, Catherine A. Reinke1, Stephen Fischboeck1 and Richard W. Carthew1, ,
1Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, 2205 Tech Drive, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
Received 16 May 2008; revised 25 November 2008; accepted 29 January 2009. Published: April 16, 2009. Available online 16 April 2009.
Summary
The microRNA miR-7 is perfectly conserved from annelids to humans, and yet some of the genes that it regulates in Drosophila are not regulated in mammals. We have explored the role of lineage restricted targets, using Drosophila, in order to better understand the evolutionary significance of microRNA-target relationships. From studies of two well characterized developmental regulatory networks, we find that miR-7 functions in several interlocking feedback and feedforward loops, and propose that its role in these networks is to buffer them against perturbation. To directly demonstrate this function for miR-7, we subjected the networks to temperature fluctuation and found that miR-7 is essential for the maintenance of regulatory stability under conditions of environmental flux. We suggest that some conserved microRNAs like miR-7 may enter into novel genetic relationships to buffer developmental programs against variation and impart robustness to diverse regulatory networks.
Fusarium oxysporum
Eukaryota;
Fungi;
Dikarya;
Ascomycota;
Pezizomycotina;
Sordariomycetes;
Hypocreomycetidae;
Hypocreales;
mitosporic Hypocreales;
Fusarium;
Fusarium oxysporum species complex;
Fusarium oxysporum
Fungi;
Dikarya;
Ascomycota;
Pezizomycotina;
Sordariomycetes;
Hypocreomycetidae;
Hypocreales;
mitosporic Hypocreales;
Fusarium;
Fusarium oxysporum species complex;
Fusarium oxysporum
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